护理英语：内科术前、术中与术后恢复对话

一、术前所打算

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

好好治疗以前所为了确保高血压份的必要有许多工作要好好。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并记录生命体征。将任何异常原因得悉药剂师长。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有假体，例如、假人以及脑子都无论如何去掉。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师长显然亦会想要让高血压头戴脑子，所以医护人员必须咨询师长的敦促。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，高血压必须除去指甲油并卸妆。这样亦会让药剂师长较难识别高血压是否抑郁症看上去病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination看上去病通常声称高血压能够输氧。还理前所提去掉发夹等发饰，以免造成感染。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排尿或者导尿清空大肠。大肠内充满排泄物显然亦会在治疗过程当中损坏。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术前所高血压必需可用药膏剂清空肠道，小治疗除外。这亦会可避免很多术后不适患者。还可以可避免感染。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂通常在高血压转至治疗二楼前所30分钟到一全程内针头。这可以让过程进到行地较难一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后无论如何轻声安慰高血压转至休眠完全。治疗二楼内有时可以意味着高血压的一位家属服侍。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，高血压的病历表无论如何带进到治疗二楼，并且注记能够完备。后面必须除此以外所有的抽样和X光检查报告以及一份署名的治疗许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.皮肤病原和所必需抑制剂，如生长激素，也理应在注记当中注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，称王医护人员。我想要去寝二楼。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你不能去寝二楼。问你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上沾呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.治疗不久几天你是不意味着下床的。所以你必须研究者可用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进到治疗二楼？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.大约八点。我亦会在七点于是就你然后从你的鼻孔当中弹出一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能想到我为什么要放于胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.治疗后第二、三天我们能够通过胃管给你喂食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.大约下午三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样认识我治疗的进到展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她亦会在搭车二楼。治疗一之前我们亦会几天后问示她。He you signed the consent?你在拒绝书上签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。治疗前所我无论如何好好什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们亦会给你剃须好好干净。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要吃饭一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我知道了。治疗亦会很疼吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，治疗过程当中你不亦会感受到任何痛楚。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.治疗后你醒来时的时候就已经在诊所了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你显然亦会感到有点疼并昏昏沉沉。如果痛楚难忍的话我们亦会给你针头一些减轻痛楚的抑制剂。Thank you.总有一天你 二、治疗当中

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，问老大我接上治疗二楼。Just a minute. The line is engaged.近于等。在此以前所占线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.治疗二楼May I speak to the head nurse?能问医护人员长接上电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

你好，我是医护人员长。有什么可以老大您？What's going on in the operation room right now?治疗二楼当中在此以前所是什么原因。I he an emergency case coming in.我几天后有一个紧急患者。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午称王药剂师长的急性阑尾炎治疗好好必要打算。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半全程前所接上收了一个严重肋骨骨折的高血压。他能够立刻接上受气管治疗。你们老大我安排紧急治疗吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我几天后好好必要打算。一切打算完毕不久我给你来电。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。问想到医护人员血库亦会给我们3或4该单位的B型血供治疗可用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我能够好好全身，能够一位帮手。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我几天后问示称王药剂师长。Thank you.总有一天你。You're welcome.不蛮横。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.高血压还在苏醒完全，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他接上受了什么治疗？A chest operation.气管治疗。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么抑制剂皮肤病吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶皮肤病。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?治疗当中他血块很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他血块400ml。我们给他输了2该单位的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他输其他黏稠了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、治疗后恢复原健康与诊疗

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

治疗不久，外科高血压通常能够提高诊疗。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其当中有一些原因。当然，也亦会有一些常见解决办法用到。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些解决办法是可以预见的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.治疗不久能够对高血压进到行血流物理照护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.高血压的很多患者与大体上的流行病学解决办法相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些高血压亦会用到术当中出血或术后感染。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这亦会随之而来治疗后病痛恢复原不牢固。因此高血压能够同样看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种原因在急救治疗高血压头上较为常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果高血压立刻葡萄糖嗜睡，能够将其送至加护提高诊疗诊所。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性精神上高血压还亦会用到血流物理不牢固。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很显然亦会用到急性发炎反理应，这是由严重骨质或者软组织烧伤引致。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果用到更高血容量性休克，这声称伤势严重。有时能够对高血压进到行输血来补充其人体内排泄物。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.高血压的生理巨大变化而会也亦会能够同样照护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非持续性疾病的急救高血压的病症与肠穿孔摩擦力或肠坏死有关，那么高血压整个RX-显然亦会受其不良影响。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些不良影响亦会分别随之而来各个器官的系统性发炎反理应。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效治疗，高血压显然用到多器官功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，加护由此可知刀诊所的高血压大多是外科治疗高血压。 五、术后恢复原

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

称王药剂师长，我这里很疼。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你由此可知一些止疼药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?现今好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水饮吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.抱歉，毕竟你现今不可以喂食。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上猪肉一些水老大你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?总有一天。我什么时候可以喂食？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.能够等你的肠鸣音和咽反射恢复原不久才可以饮。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃饭的路了吗？I'm afraid you can't.毕竟不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃饭的路？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

治疗一天不久你可以吃饭一些流食。然后你慢慢可以吃饭软食，治疗四天不久就可以正常用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无易挥发或者不亦会随之而来气体产生的黏稠为主，例如茶、的药品、过滤药品、蔬菜汁和无脂姜。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食除此以外姜、鱼肉、非煎炸猪肉、豆腐、面条、羊肉等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我无论如何可避免吃饭哪些进到食呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的小食、过多的色拉汁调料、煎炸药品、食用油等。Anything important?还有什么能够同样注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你能够好好一些吞咽练功。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.吞咽练功可以公共卫生吞咽系统败血症。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己好好练功吗，还是你亦会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我亦会老大你，给你提一些敦促。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你现今可以想到我怎样好好吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按住治疗切口，深吞咽然后痉挛。我亦会把你的身旁升高一些。I see.我知道了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你感到有什么不适的话问按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我亦会的，总有一天你。